O Cervical canceralso known as cervical cancer, is a type of tumor mainly linked to infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV).
According to National Cancer Institute (INCA)it is the third most common malignancy in women, behind only breast cancer and colorectal cancer, and the fourth leading cause of cancer death among them in Brazil.
3 Cards_Gallery_of_Photos (1)According to the National Cancer Institute, for each year of the 2020/2022 triennium, approximately 625,000 cases of the disease will be registered in Brazil. Besides skin cancer, the most common types that affect Brazilians are prostate, breast, cervix, lung, stomach, oral cavity, and thyroid.Scientific Photo Library – STEVE GSCHMEISSNER, Getty Images
***photo-person-being-examined-for-suspected-skin-cancerExtremely common in the country, skin cancer is characterized by the appearance of tumors on the skin in the form of spots or spots with irregular shapes. Linked to prolonged exposure to the sun, exposure to artificial tanning devices or for hereditary reasons, the disease can be treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.miriam-doerr/istock
***photo-woman-without-blouse-with-symbol-against-breast-cancerBreast cancer is caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of cells in the breast. Although common in women, the disease can also affect men. Among the symptoms of the disease are: pain in the breast area, hardened mass, redness, swelling and bloody secretion. Treatment includes surgery to remove the breast, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy.SCIENTIFIC PHOTO LIBRARY/Getty Images
***photo-person-holding-a-symbol-representing-the-fight-against-prostate-cancerMore common in men, prostate cancer has the following symptoms: presence of blood in the urine, difficulty urinating, need to urinate several times a day and delay in starting and finishing urination. Surgery and radiotherapy are among the treatments for the disease.Getty Images
***photo-woman-holding-throatAlthough it may be linked to hyperthyroidism, smoking, changes in sex hormones and diabetes, for example, thyroid cancer is still not well understood by experts. Despite this, treatments for the disease involve hormone therapy, radiation therapy, radioactive iodine, and chemotherapy, as appropriate. Images: getty
***special-lung-cancer.jpgLung cancer is one of the types with the highest incidence in Brazil. Related to the use or prolonged exposure to tobacco, its main symptoms are shortness of breath, chest pain, recurrent pneumonia, bronchitis, bloody sputum and frequent coughing. The disease is treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or/and surgeryBSIP/Getty Images
***photo-offering-cigarette-and-other-denyingIn Brazil, squamous cell carcinoma has the highest incidence among stomach cancers. Treatments involve surgery or radiation therapy and chemotherapyiStock
***photo-man-lying-with-part-of-red-torso.jpgStomach cancer is diagnosed after identifying malignant tumors that are distributed throughout the organ and may appear as ulcers. Linked to infections caused by Helicobacter Pylori, by the presence of ulcers and untreated chronic gastritis for example, the disease can cause vomiting with blood or blood in the stool, frequent abdominal pain and constant heartburn .Smith/Gado/Getty Images Collection
***Drawing-uterus-with-cervical-cancer-spots-in-cervical-cervicalCervical cancer presents with symptoms of intermittent vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain related to bowel or urinary disorders, and abnormal vaginal discharge. Treatment includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery.Scientific Photo Library/GettyImages
***photo-dentist-consultant-mouth-patientOral cancer is a disease that involves the presence of malignant tumors on the lips, gums, roof of the mouth, tongue, cheeks and bones. It is more common in men over the age of 40 and has symptoms of sores in the oral cavity, spots on the tongue and nodules on the neck, for example. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.pixel
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Symptoms
Cervical cancer grows slowly and the first signs and symptoms usually do not appear until the later stages of the disease.
“The disease first affects the cervix, the anatomical region of the organ that is in contact with the vagina. If there are metastases, they can reach the vagina, the bladder and the rectum, which are places close to the uterus, as well as the lungs, the intestine, the brain and the bones, which characterizes metastases remotely,” explains the obstetrician-gynecologist at the Brasilia maternity ward. Hospital, Marcus Vinicius.
Here are the 9 most common symptoms of cervical cancer:
- Vaginal bleeding for no apparent reason and outside of menstruation, which can also occur after sexual intercourse;
- Changed vaginal discharge, with a bad odor or brown color, for example;
- Constant abdominal or pelvic pain, which may worsen when using the toilet or during intimate contact
- Sensation of pressure in the lower abdomen;
- Urge to urinate more often, even at night;
- Rapid weight loss without dieting;
- Excessive tiredness;
- Leg pain and swelling;
- Involuntary leakage of urine or stool.
Diagnosis and prevention
The main preventive measure against HPV and other viruses and bacteria that cause sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is using condoms during sex.
The HPV vaccine, in turn, prevents the main types of virus, which cause genital warts and lead to 70% of cervical cancer cases, according to Ana Glauce.
Annual gynecological examinations, or at the interval indicated by the doctor, are essential for the early detection of the tumor and for the patient to have the diagnosis in the initial phase of the disease, increasing the chances of recovery.
O The Pap test detects precursor lesions on the cervix, which can lead to cancer if left untreated. “This is why we must not stop taking the smear periodically, to also cover cases not protected by the vaccine” continues Ana Glauce. (With portal information your health)
